More on Github Repositories

Brief Overview

On Day 8, we will cover:

Creating a GitHub Repository: How to create a new repository on GitHub.
Cloning a Repository: How to copy a repository from GitHub to your local machine.
Useful Git Commands: Key commands for working with Git and GitHub repositories.

1. Creating a GitHub Repository

A GitHub repository is a project workspace where you can store your project files, manage versions, and collaborate with others.

Steps to Create a Repository:

Sign In to GitHub:
- Go to GitHub's homepage and log in with your credentials.
Navigate to the Repository Creation Page:
- Click on the "+" icon in the top-right corner of the page.
- Select "New repository" from the dropdown menu.
Fill in Repository Details:
- Repository Name: Choose a descriptive name for your repository (e.g., my-project).
- Description: Optionally, add a brief description of your project.
- Public or Private: Select whether the repository will be public (visible to everyone) or private (only accessible to you and invited collaborators).
- Initialize with a README: Optionally, check this box to add a README file to your repository. A README file provides information about your project.
- Add .gitignore: Optionally, add a .gitignore file to specify which files should be ignored by Git. Choose a template based on your project's language.
- Choose a License: Optionally, select a license for your project.
Create the Repository:
- Click the "Create repository" button to finalize the creation.

Example: Here’s how your repository creation form might look:

Repository Name: my-project
Description: A sample project to demonstrate Git and GitHub
Public
Initialize this repository with a README
Add .gitignore: Node
Add a license: MIT

2. Cloning a Repository

Cloning a repository copies the repository from GitHub to your local machine, allowing you to work on the project locally.

Steps to Clone a Repository:

Find the Repository URL:
- Go to the repository page on GitHub.
- Click the "Code" button to reveal the repository URL.
- Choose the HTTPS or SSH URL based on your preference.
Clone the Repository Using Git:
- Open a terminal or command prompt.
- Navigate to the directory where you want to clone the repository.
- Run the following command:

    # Clone using HTTPS
    git clone https://github.com/username/repository-name.git

    # Clone using SSH
    git clone git@github.com:username/repository-name.git

Example:

# Cloning with HTTPS
git clone https://github.com/mohit5upadhyay/FirstJavaProject.git

# Cloning with SSH
git clone git@github.com:mohit5upadhyay/FirstJavaProject.git

3. Useful Git Commands

Once you have cloned a repository, you can use various Git commands to manage your repository and collaborate with others.

Basic Commands:

Check Repository Status:
```
  git status
```
Shows the status of changes in your working directory and staging area.
Stage Changes:
```
  git add <file>
```
Adds a file to the staging area. Use git add . to stage all changes.

Example:
```
  git add index.html
  git add styles.css
```

Commit Changes:

  git commit -m "Commit message"

Commits staged changes to the repository with a descriptive message.

Example:

  git commit -m "Add new feature to homepage"

Push Changes:
```
  git push origin main
```
Pushes committed changes to the remote repository on GitHub.

Example:
```
  git push origin main
```
Pull Changes:
```
  git pull origin main
```
Fetches and merges changes from the remote repository to your local repository.

Example:
```
  git pull origin main
```
Create a New Branch:
```
  git branch new-branch
```
Creates a new branch named new-branch.

Example:
```
  git branch feature/update-ui
```

Switch to a Branch:

  git checkout branch-name

Switches to the specified branch.

Example:

  git checkout feature/update-ui

Merge Branches:
```
  git merge branch-name
```
Merges changes from the specified branch into the current branch.

Example:
```
  git merge feature/update-ui
```
View Commit History:
```
  git log
```
Displays the commit history for the repository.

Example:
```
  git log
```

Example Workflow:

Clone a Repository:

 git clone https://github.com/mohit5upadhyay/FirstJavaProject.git

Navigate into the Repository:
```
 cd FirstJavaProject
```
Create and Switch to a New Branch:
```
 git checkout -b new-feature
```

Make Changes, Stage, and Commit:

 git add .
 git commit -m "Add new feature"

Push Changes to GitHub:
```
 git push origin new-feature
```
Create a Pull Request on GitHub:
- Go to your repository on GitHub.
- Click on "Pull requests."
- Click "New pull request" and follow the prompts to create a PR from your new-feature branch to main.

By the end of Day 8, we will be comfortable in creating a repository on GitHub, cloning it to your local machine, and using essential Git commands to manage your project. For more topics of Git & Github Stay tuned !!

Day 8: GitHub Repository – Creation, Cloning, and Useful Commands

Table of contents

Brief Overview